以前调试Linux驱动的时候,知道在kernel里使用dump_stack可以打印出内核栈信息,可以很方便查看函数的调用关系。 现在我才知道glibc也支持获取栈信息,并且有相关的函数:
#include <execinfo.h>
int backtrace(void **buffer, int size);
char **backtrace_symbols(void *const *buffer, int size);
void backtrace_symbols_fd(void *const *buffer, int size, int fd);
以下是Man里的示例代码
#include <execinfo.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
void
myfunc3(void)
{
int j, nptrs;
#define SIZE 100
void *buffer[100];
char **strings;
nptrs = backtrace(buffer, SIZE);
printf("backtrace() returned %d addresses\n", nptrs);
/* The call backtrace_symbols_fd(buffer, nptrs, STDOUT_FILENO)
would produce similar output to the following: */
strings = backtrace_symbols(buffer, nptrs);
if (strings == NULL) {
perror("backtrace_symbols");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
for (j = 0; j < nptrs; j++)
printf("%s\n", strings[j]);
free(strings);
}
static void /* "static" means don't export the symbol... */
myfunc2(void)
{
myfunc3();
}
void
myfunc(int ncalls)
{
if (ncalls > 1)
myfunc(ncalls - 1);
else
myfunc2();
}
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
if (argc != 2) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s num-calls\n", argv[0]);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
myfunc(atoi(argv[1]));
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
编译时要加 -rdynamic 参数,否则只有函数地址,没有函数名
$ gcc -rdynamic prog.c -o prog
$ ./prog 3
backtrace() returned 8 addresses
./prog(myfunc3+0x5c) [0x80487f0]
./prog [0x8048871]
./prog(myfunc+0x21) [0x8048894]
./prog(myfunc+0x1a) [0x804888d]
./prog(myfunc+0x1a) [0x804888d]
./prog(main+0x65) [0x80488fb]
/lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xdc) [0xb7e38f9c]
./prog [0x8048711]
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